不同淀粉类型日粮对育肥猪消化代谢的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.12.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探讨不同淀粉类型日粮对育肥猪肠道消化吸收、血清生化指标和激素水平的影响。将90头（（68±2.0）kg）阉公猪随机分配到3种日粮处理，每个处理5个重复，每个重复6头猪。采用纯的蜡质玉米淀粉（WMS）、非蜡质玉米淀粉（NMS）和豌豆淀粉（PS）作为淀粉来源来配合3种试验日粮，日粮的直链淀粉/支链淀粉比例分别为0.07、0.19和0.28。饲养28 d后，每个重复选择2头猪（体重接近于每个重复的平均体重）称重，屠宰，取空肠黏膜和血液样品进行指标测定。结果表明：1）不同淀粉类型日粮对育肥猪空肠黏膜消化酶活性无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）与WMS日粮相比，PS日粮显著下调感受甜味的味觉受体家族1的成员2和成员3（T1R2/T1R3）的mRNA表达水平（P<0.05），而显著上调了可溶性载体家族1成员5（SLC1A5）的mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）；NMS日粮显著上调了可溶性载体家族7成员7（SLC7A7）的mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）；PS日粮和NMS日粮显著下调了钠/葡萄糖协同转运蛋白1（SGLT1）和葡萄糖转运蛋白2（GLUT2）的mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）。3）在血清生化指标上，不同淀粉类型日粮对血液葡萄糖（Glu）含量并无显著影响（P>0.05）；与WMS日粮相比，PS日粮和NMS日粮显著降低了游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量（P<0.05）。4）不同淀粉类型日粮对血清激素水平并无显著影响（P>0.05）。本试验结果揭示，育肥猪饲喂高直支链比例淀粉日粮会下调甜味感受体、葡萄糖转运载体的mRNA表达水平，上调部分氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达水平，从而减弱肠道对葡萄糖的吸收，有利于对氨基酸的吸收。

Abstract:

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different starch types on intestinal digestion and absorption, serum biochemical indices and hormone levels of finishing pigs. Ninety barrows ((68±2.0) kg) were randomly allocated to 3 diet treatments with 5 replicates and 6 pigs per replicate. Purified waxy maize starch (WMS), nonwaxy maize starch (NMS) and pea starch (PS) were used as the only dietary starch sources to formulate experimental diets (the amylose to amylopectin ratio were 0.07, 0.19 and 0.28, respectively). At the end of 28 days of treatments, two pigs per replicate(near to the average body weight of the replicate) were weighed, slaughtered and the samples of jejunum mucosa and blood were collected, and the target traits were detected. The results showed that:1) Dietary starch types had no significant effect on the activity of digestive enzymes in jejunum mucosa of finishing pigs (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the WMS diet, the PS diet significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of taste receptor type 1 member 2(T1R2), taste receptor type 1 member 3(T1R3) (P<0.05), whereas significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) (P<0.05); the NMS diet significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of solute carrier family 7 member 7 (SLC7A7) (P<0.05); PS and NMS diets significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) (P<0.05). 3) In the serum biochemical indices, no significant effect was observed in the plasma glucose content among groups (P>0.05). Compared with the WMS diet, PS and NMS diets significantly reduced the plasma free fatty acid content (FFA) (P<0.05). 4) No significant effect was observed in the serum hormones levels among groups (P>0.05). It could be concluded that finishing pigs fed with high amylose to amylopectin ratio diet could down-regulate the mRNA expression of sweet taste receptors and glucose transporters, up-regulate the mRNA expression of some amino acid transporters, and then decrease the absorption of glucose, be beneficial to the absorption of amino acids.

中图分类号:

S828.5

谢晨, 李艳娇, 李蛟龙, 张林, 高峰, 周光宏. 不同淀粉类型日粮对育肥猪消化代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(12): 2337-2346.

XIE Chen, LI Yan-jiao, LI Jiao-long, ZHANG Lin, GAO Feng, ZHOU Guang-hong. Effect of Dietary Starch Types on Intestinal Digestion and Metabolism of Finishing Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(12): 2337-2346.

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